Nutrition & Lifestyle - Health Library - Qoctor your quick online doctor https://www.qoctor.com.au Your Quick Online Doctor Wed, 28 Jan 2026 02:16:55 +0000 en-AU hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=5.8.1 Weight loss programs: how to choose the right option in Australia https://www.qoctor.com.au/weight-loss-programs-australia-how-to-choose/ Tue, 27 Jan 2026 08:09:54 +0000 https://www.qoctor.com.au/?p=730795 Weight loss programs: how to choose the right option in Australia Why many Australians choose Qoctor for weight loss support At Qoctor, we’re transparent about how our approach works, so people can decide whether it’s the right fit for them. Many Australians value weight loss support that includes: Doctor-led consultations with experienced [...]

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Weight loss programs: how to choose the right option in Australia

Why many Australians choose Qoctor for weight loss support

At Qoctor, we’re transparent about how our approach works, so people can decide whether it’s the right fit for them.

Many Australians value weight loss support that includes:

  • Doctor-led consultations with experienced Australian GPs

  • Video appointments as standard, in line with Australian telehealth guidance

  • Pay-as-you-go pricing, without subscriptions or lock-in contracts

  • Direct ePrescriptions, instantly to your phone or email

  • Live customer support, so questions can be answered in real time

However, other programs may suit different preferences – so, understanding how to choose a weight loss program can be helpful when starting out.

Sick girl wrapped in scarf holding tissue at face and consulting doctor online on video call

If you’re searching for weight loss programs, you’ll quickly notice there are more options than ever before –  particularly online.

From app-based subscriptions to doctor-led telehealth services, weight loss programs in Australia vary widely in cost, structure, and level of medical involvement. This can make it challenging to know which approach is right for you.

This article focuses on how to think through your options, so you can choose a program that is safe, appropriate, and aligned with your health needs.

What counts as a weight loss program?

In Australia, the term weight loss program is used to describe a broad range of approaches, including:

  • Lifestyle-based programs focused on diet and exercise

  • Coaching or app-based programs

  • Medically supervised weight management

  • Telehealth weight loss services

  • Hybrid programs combining medication and lifestyle support

While these may sound similar, the experience — and level of care — can differ significantly.

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Why the differences between weight loss programs matter

Weight management is not one-size-fits-all.

The right program depends on factors such as:

  • Your starting weight and health risks

  • Previous weight loss attempts

  • Whether medication may be appropriate

  • Your preference for structure versus flexibility

  • The level of medical oversight you’re comfortable with

Understanding how a program works is often more useful than how it’s marketed.

Doctor-led vs non-medical weight loss programs

Non-medical programs

Non-medical programs often focus on:

  • Nutrition education

  • Coaching or accountability

  • Digital tools and habit-building

They can be helpful for some people, but they may be limited in their ability to:

  • Assess medical risk

  • Prescribe medication

  • Order blood tests

  • Manage side effects or related health conditions

Doctor-led programs

Doctor-led weight loss programs can:

  • Assess suitability for medical treatment

  • Prescribe weight loss medication where appropriate

  • Monitor safety and side effects

  • Organise related care such as blood tests, sleep studies, or referrals

For people with obesity or weight-related health concerns, this level of oversight can be important.

Young female doctor in white medical uniform with stethoscope using laptop for online consultation with a patient

Subscription models Vs pay-as-you-go

Weight loss programs in Australia may use different pricing models.

Some require:

  • Ongoing subscriptions

  • Bundled monthly fees

  • Minimum commitments

Others offer:

  • Pay-as-you-go consultations

  • Flexible review appointments

  • No long-term contracts

Before choosing a program, it’s worth understanding:

  • What’s included in the fee

  • Whether medication costs are separate

  • How easy it is to pause or stop care

Mode of care- video, phone or messaging

Not all telehealth weight loss programs operate the same way.

When considering a program, ask:

  • Will I speak directly with a clinician?

  • Is video used when appropriate?

  • How are follow-ups handled?

Real-time consultations are particularly important when medical decisions or prescriptions are involved.

What role should medication play in a weight loss program?

Medication is not necessary for everyone — and a good program should help you understand whether it’s appropriate for you.

For some people, medication can:

  • Help regulate appetite

  • Make lifestyle changes more achievable

  • Support improvements in weight-related health conditions

Medication works best when prescribed and monitored by a doctor, as part of a broader health plan.

How to decide which weight loss program is right for you

Rather than focusing on brand names, it can help to ask:

  • Is this program appropriate for my health profile?

  • Who will be responsible for my medical care?

  • How flexible is the structure if my needs change?

  • What follow-up and support are available?

  • Does the approach align with Australian medical standards?

Many people start by comparing cost or convenience, but long-term satisfaction also comes down to whether a program matches your medical needs and communication preferences.

Where Qoctor fits- some key takeaways

Qoctor (through our “Doctors for Weight Loss” service)- provides doctor-led telehealth care for Australians seeking structured, medically appropriate weight management.

Patients can access:

  • GP-led consultations

  • Video appointments

  • Flexible, pay-as-you-go care

  • ePrescriptions
  • Ongoing medical oversight when needed

  • Real time customer support

Our role is to support informed decision-making — whether medication is part of your plan or not.

Ready to find out more? Check out Doctors for Weight Loss by Qoctor today

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Weight Loss Support Through Qoctor: A Doctor-Led Telehealth Approach

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Weight Loss Support Through Qoctor: A Doctor-Led Telehealth Approach Weight loss is rarely just about weight alone. For many Australians, it is closely linked with overall health, lifestyle, mental wellbeing, and underlying [...]

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Weight Loss Support Through Qoctor: A Doctor-Led Telehealth Approach https://www.qoctor.com.au/online-gp-weight-loss/ Tue, 20 Jan 2026 02:17:05 +0000 https://www.qoctor.com.au/?p=728895 Weight Loss Support Through Qoctor: A Doctor-Led Telehealth Approach Weight loss is rarely just about weight alone. For many Australians, it is closely linked with overall health, lifestyle, mental wellbeing, and underlying medical conditions. Qoctor offers online GP weight loss consultations in Australia, allowing patients to discuss weight concerns as part of [...]

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Weight Loss Support Through Qoctor: A Doctor-Led Telehealth Approach

Weight loss is rarely just about weight alone. For many Australians, it is closely linked with overall health, lifestyle, mental wellbeing, and underlying medical conditions. Qoctor offers online GP weight loss consultations in Australia, allowing patients to discuss weight concerns as part of broader medical care. Rather than providing a  subscription only program, Qoctor integrates weight management into a GP-style telehealth consultation, similar to seeing your local doctor, all delivered online.

As part of this approach, Qoctor’s dedicated weight management service is called Doctors for Weight Loss.

Sick girl wrapped in scarf holding tissue at face and consulting doctor online on video call

Doctors for Weight Loss – Qoctor’s Dedicated Weight Management Service

Doctors for Weight Loss is Qoctor’s specialised service for patients seeking medical support with weight management.

It builds on Qoctor’s established telehealth model by offering:

  • Doctor-led consultations

  • A focus on evidence-based, medically appropriate care

  • Integration with broader health assessment, investigation, and follow-up

Patients may access Doctors for Weight Loss directly, or be guided to it through Qoctor when weight concerns are identified during an online GP consultation.

Doctor-Led GP Telehealth Care for Weight Loss

All weight loss consultations through Qoctor and Doctors for Weight Loss are provided by AHPRA-registered Australian doctors.

This means:

  • You speak directly with a qualified GP

  • Weight concerns are assessed alongside your medical history and overall health

  • Advice and treatment options are based on a proper medical consultation, not just an online questionnaire

For many patients, accessing weight loss support through an online GP consultation is especially important when weight is linked with conditions such as blood sugar concerns, cholesterol levels, thyroid disorders, sleep problems, or mental health.

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Video-First Online GP Consultations (In Line With Australian Telehealth Guidance)

In line with Australian telehealth recommendations, Qoctor uses video consultations as the predominant mode of care for online GP weight loss consultations.

The Medical Board of Australia notes that video consultations are preferable to telephone consultations when practical, particularly for more complex or ongoing care. Video allows for clearer communication, better rapport, and more thorough clinical assessment.

  • Video consultations are the standard option

  • Phone consultations may be used occasionally, where clinically appropriate or if video is not feasible

This video-first approach supports good clinical practice while maintaining flexibility.

Pay-As-You-Go Pricing for Online GP Weight Loss Consultations

Qoctor operates on a pay-as-you-go pricing model.

This means:

  • No subscription or ongoing membership

  • You pay for consultations only when you book them

  • Follow-up appointments are arranged based on clinical need, not a preset program

For patients seeking an online GP weight loss consultation in Australia, this model offers transparency and flexibility.

Young female doctor in white medical uniform with stethoscope using laptop for online consultation with a patient

Direct ePrescriptions from an online GP

If a doctor determines that medication is appropriate, Qoctor can issue a direct ePrescription to your phone.

This allows patients to:

  • Choose their own pharmacy

  • Avoid waiting for medication delivery

  • Reduce concerns about medications being left unattended or exposed to heat

  • Access prescriptions easily, including in regional or remote areas (as some other weight loss programs cannot deliver in certain rural locations)

Many people find this approach fits better with how they already manage their healthcare.

Live chat support when you need it

Qoctor offers LIVE CHAT customer support from 8am to midnight, providing real-time assistance.

This can help with:

  • Questions before booking

  • Appointment or technical support

  • General enquiries without waiting for an email response

For patients using telehealth alongside busy schedules, easy access to support can make a real difference, especially the first time you are making a booking.

GP-Like Consultation Experience – Delivered Online

Qoctor is designed to feel similar to seeing your local GP, just online.

As part of weight loss care, doctors can also:

  • Arrange blood tests (for example blood sugar, cholesterol, or thyroid function), which are commonly needed when starting a weight loss plan.

  • Discuss sleep concerns and organise sleep studies where appropriate

  • Provide specialist referrals if needed

This broader medical approach helps ensure weight management is addressed safely, holistically, and sustainably, rather than in isolation.

Who Might Choose an Online GP Weight Loss Consultation Through Qoctor?

This approach may suit people who:

  • Are reluctant to sign up to a lock-in subscription, and would prefer a “pay as you go” approach.
  • Want to speak directly with a doctor

  • Prefer video-first telehealth

  • Wish to get an ePrescription directly rather than waiting for medication delivery
  • Value weight loss support integrated into general medical care

  • Prefer to choose their own pharmacy for dispensing
  • Appreciate real-time assistance via live chat

Key Takeaway

For many Australians, an online GP weight loss consultation offers a practical way to address weight concerns alongside other aspects of health.

Through Qoctor — and its dedicated service Doctors for Weight Loss — patients can access doctor-led, video-first telehealth care for weight management, with flexibility, transparency, and clinical oversight.

Ready to find out more? Speak to a telehealth GP for Weight Loss with today.

GET STARTED

Weight Loss Support Through Qoctor: A Doctor-Led Telehealth Approach

January 20th, 2026|Categories: Weight loss|

Weight Loss Support Through Qoctor: A Doctor-Led Telehealth Approach Weight loss is rarely just about weight alone. For many Australians, it is closely linked with overall health, lifestyle, mental wellbeing, and underlying [...]

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Starting a vegan diet https://www.qoctor.com.au/on-a-vegan-diet-here-are-some-important-things-you-should-know/ Fri, 27 May 2022 07:19:54 +0000 https://www.qoctor.com.au/?p=239917 Vegan diet- a beginner's guide What is a vegan diet?  A vegan diet, also known as plant-based, describes one that avoids any animal products. There are many subtypes of this diet, including those that sometimes include fish or honey, but for the purposes of this article we will discuss [...]

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Vegan diet- a beginner’s guide

Authored by Dr Filip Vukasin on 27.05.2022
Medically Reviewed by Dr AIFRIC BOYLAN
Last updated on 14.06.2024

What is a vegan diet? 

A vegan diet, also known as plant-based, describes one that avoids any animal products. There are many subtypes of this diet, including those that sometimes include fish or honey, but for the purposes of this article we will discuss a diet that excludes all animal products. Approximately 10% of the Australian population follows some form of plant-based diet. There are many reasons you may follow a vegan diet, including cultural, personal, ethical, enviromental and health-related. In recent times, there has been a societal association between a vegan diet and better health, however this isn’t necessarily true in all cases.

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Why do people go vegan?

Health issues

Some people decide to follow a vegan diet because they develop physical ailments when they consume animal products. For example, if they drink milk or eat cheese, they experience bloating and diarrhoea. Some people get constipated from meat. Others notice their cholesterol and blood sugar is lowered when they remove butter and eggs. There are also reports of people with auto-immune conditions whose symptoms of arthritis or inflammatory bowel disease improve when they exclude animal products from their diet. 

Ethics

A large number of of vegans pursue the diet for moral or ethical reasons, often as a reaction to factory farming which has been accused of barbaric practices. Factory farming is a means to produce enough animal products for a growing population, and this pressure can lead to livestock being unhealthy, cramped in close quarters and requiring antibiotics and other medications to keep them alive, which in turn can have consequences when consumed by humans. 

The Environment

Meat and dairy farming have strong associations with greenhouse gas emissions and thus, global warming and climate change. Land-clearing, loss of biodiversity and species extinction is also associated with these types of farming. Many people go vegan to try to reduce their carbon footprint and their impact on the environment.

The health effects of a vegan diet

There have been numerous studies that show a link between meat consumption and heart disease, Type 2 diabetes and colorectal cancer. There is also a link between animal product consumption and ‘all cause mortality’, which means dying younger. In most studies, red meat seems to be the main offender. Therefore, diets that avoid animal products may reduce your risk of these diseases, provided a healthy, balanced vegan diet is achieved. 

Is being vegan healthy? Are there any risks from being vegan?

Vitamin and Mineral Deficiency

There can be risks from following a vegan diet, particularly nutrient and vitamin deficiency. Vitamin B12, zinc, protein, omega-3, calcium, vitamin D and iron are the main nutrients of concern. These often need to be supplemented and/or can be included in the diet through fortified foods like nutritional yeast and soy milk. However, with careful attention to food choices, building an understanding of which nutrients are present in which foods, and a little bit of planning, it is possible to avoid mineral and vitamin deficiencies when on a vegan diet. 

Occasionally, a diet that becomes too restrictive can evolve into an eating disorder. Sometimes people can start out with “clean” eating, then progress to elimination of entire food groups such as dairy or grains, and the avoidance of foods containing artificial additives, foods treated with pesticides, or particular ingredients (e.g. sugar, fat or salt).  This can lead to malnutrition and significant health impacts. If you think you, or someone in your care, is displaying signs of an eating disorder, it is important to seek help from your GP- the earlier the better. You can find out more about eating disorders here.

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Planning

Another risk with a vegan diet is poor planning, so that animal products are excluded but new foods aren’t introduced. For example, you may choose to go vegan and only eat fries, processed vegan foods and bread, instead of introducing legumes, tofu, fruit and vegetables into your diet. Also, many vegan desserts are high in vegetable oil and sugar, making them extremely unhealthy. It is possible to be obese and unhealthy when vegan!

How to have a healthy vegan diet

A well balanced vegan diet should include plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables, legumes, nuts, wholegrain carbohydrates and tofu, amongst other things- this will mean you get enough protein, nutrients and fibre. A healthy vegan diet will minimise sweetened beverages, fruit juice, refined grains, potatoes/fries, lollies and other processed foods. Dietitians Australia have produced a great article about vegetarian diets (including vegan diets), which covers some important points and tips to optimise your nutrition.

If you choose to follow a vegan diet, remember that you can change your mind or modify your approach at any time. You may find that your body requires different foods at different times of your life, depending on your lifestyle, underlying health conditions, work, exercise regimen and mood. 

Some tips from dietitians:

  • Eat a varied and well-balanced diet to meet your nutritional needs, with lots of vegetables, fruit, wholegrains, pulses, nuts, seeds and legumes.
  • Get to know the nutrients you need to focus on when following a vegetarian diet.
  • Take vitamin C with your plant-based source of iron can help boost absorption. Avoid tea and coffee within one hour of meals for better iron absorption.
  • Vitmain and mineral supplements may help to ensure you are meeting your nutrient needs, particularly iron, B12 and zinc.
  • Some plant-based “meat alternatives” can be highly processed and high in salt. Look at food labels and seek products that are low in saturated fat, and low in salt (less than 400mg per 100g).
  • If you have specific nutrient needs, such as breastfeeding, pregnancy, or children adhering to a vegan or vegetarian diet- talk to a health professional.

The bottom line

There can be some benefits in following a plant-based diet, but being vegan does not automatically mean you’ll be healthier- it is important to take steps to ensure you are well informed and getting the nutrients you need.  And remember, your nutritional intake isn’t the only important factor in good health- it’s vital to maintain a healthy lifestyle with good sleep, exercise, nurturing positive relationships and developing an internal sense of purpose.

If you decide to follow a vegan diet, you can always seek advice from your doctor or dietitian for up to date knowledge and guidance.

Some other helpful resources:

https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/vegetarian-and-vegan-diets

https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/eat-well/how-to-eat-a-balanced-diet/the-vegan-diet/

https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/the-right-plant-based-diet-for-you

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28728684/ Healthful and Unhealthful Plant-Based Diets and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in U.S. Adults

https://dietitiansaustralia.org.au/health-advice/vegetarian-diet

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A Decade of Telehealth Medical Certificates- what we’ve learned.

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What’s the best cure for a hangover? https://www.qoctor.com.au/hangover-treatment/ Wed, 18 Sep 2019 03:10:05 +0000 https://www.qoctor.com.au/?p=71991 What's the best cure for a hangover?? Why does alcohol cause a Hangover? Most adults have experienced a hangover at some time in their lives- the tremulous vomiting, the violent headache, the clammy dehydration. Not to mention the regret and the dark cloud associated with the excesses of the night before. But [...]

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What’s the best cure for a hangover??

Why does alcohol cause a Hangover?

Most adults have experienced a hangover at some time in their lives- the tremulous vomiting, the violent headache, the clammy dehydration. Not to mention the regret and the dark cloud associated with the excesses of the night before. But why do we get these symptoms when we’ve drunk too much grog? And is there any effective cure for a hangover?

How Ethanol affects the body

Hangovers are caused by ethanol, the type of alcohol contained in alcoholic drinks. Ethanol can affect the body in many ways:

Increased urination

  • Ethanol makes you wee more!
  • Ethanol stops your body releasing a hormone called Vasopressin- this hormone normally reduces the amount of water your kidneys remove from your bloodstream.
  • With less Vasopressin in your system due to the effects of ethanol, more water is removed from your bloodstream and more urine is produced.
  • If you drink more water to compensate, you’ll improve the situation a bit – but not quite as much as you’d hope. Much of that extra  fluid will simply be wee’d out too, due to the effects of ethanol. 
  • This is why you feel dehydrated.
  • It’ll often cause a headache too.

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Nausea (feeling sick)

  • Ethanol is broken down (metabolised) into other chemicals by your liver.
  • One of these chemicals (acetaldehyde) can hang around in your bloodstream until your liver finally manages to eliminate it.
  • Acetaldehyde causes nausea.

Balance and coordination

  • Ethanol depresses the parts of your brain that coordinate your movements.
  • This causes you to lose balance & impairs your ability to complete simple tasks.

Sleep

  • Ethanol profoundly alters sleep, so you won’t wake feeling refreshed – instead you’ll feel tired and weak.

Gastritis- inflammation of the stomach

  • Ethanol can inflame the lining of your stomach – this is known as “gastritis”.
  • This will cause nausea and stomach pain.

Low blood sugar

  • Ethanol causes your body to use up reserves of sugar more quickly, which can lead to a low sugar level during a hangover – feeling “hypo”.

Diarrhoea

  • Ethanol can cause the bowels to move faster, leading to diarrhoea in some people.

Effects on your immune system

  • There is evidence that ethanol causes your immune system to create inflammation by releasing chemicals into your bloodstream
  • This may cause fatigue, nausea & headache.

Mood changes

  • Ethanol is a depressant – so it can cause significant mental illness, both immediately and when used over longer periods.

How long does a hangover last?

Hangovers can last anywhere from a few hours to 3 days!

Are some drinks worse for causing hangovers?

  • Surprisingly, yes!
  • Darker-coloured drinks are slightly worse for hangovers. This is because they generally contain larger amounts of “congeners”. Congeners are chemicals that are created during the fermenting process and often add to the flavour of a drink.
  • However, the difference is only minor – if you drink enough light-coloured drinks your hangover will be just as bad!

Does mixing drinks make a hangover worse?

  • The best evidence available says no – the total amount of alcohol you drink is the only significant factor.
  • And, by the way, the 2 old-fashioned sayings, “grape or grain but never the twain” and “beer before wine and you’ll feel fine; wine before beer and you’ll feel queer” – have no evidence to back them up!

Does coffee sober you up?

  • No.
  • It may make you less tired.
  • It doesn’t improve your reactions when driving.

Am I still over the limit to drive when I have a hangover?

  • The average person can process a unit of alcohol (half an average alcoholic drink) every hour.
  • If you drink 1 pint of average-strength beer or 1 standard glass of 12% wine it will take you about 2 hours to become safe to drive.
  • If you drink 10 of those drinks it will take you about 20 hours.
  • So the short answer to this is yes – if you’ve drunk enough to get a hangover, you’re almost certainly still over the legal limit to drive.

Can a hangover kill you?

  • Yes
  • Alcohol can make you so unwell that you die
  • There are several ways in which it can do this- a topic for another day!

So what’s the best cure for a hangover?

  • There is no way to prevent a hangover other than to reduce alcohol intake.
  • And unfortunately there’s no highly effective cure for a hangover.
  • Drinking more slowly can allow your liver to keep a better pace with the ethanol it needs to process.
  • Drinking clear drinks rather than darker ones may help.
  • If you have a hangover take the following measures:
    • Take regular sips of fluids to treat the dehydration (oral rehydration salts may be helpful). 
    • Take paracetamol for the headache. 
    • Eat something if you’re not feeling too sick- this will raise your sugar level. 
    • Rest.
    • Don’t drive.

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Shin Splints https://www.qoctor.com.au/shin-splints/ Thu, 05 Jul 2018 02:49:18 +0000 https://www.qoctor.com.au/?p=32073 Shin Splints- the facts. what is it? symptoms treatment other causes Shin Splints- what is it? Shin Splints is also known as Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome or MTSS for short. It leads to pain along the shinbone, between your ankle and your knee. It’s often caused by over-training [...]

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Shin Splints- the facts.

what is it?
symptoms
treatment
other causes

Shin Splints- what is it?

  • Shin Splints is also known as Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome or MTSS for short.
  • It leads to pain along the shinbone, between your ankle and your knee.
  • It’s often caused by over-training or by increasing the amount of running you do over a short time frame.
  • Building your level of fitness and activity up more gradually may help you to avoid Shin Splints.
  • The precise cause of the pain is not known, but it is believed to be a stress reaction due to the muscle and tendons pulling on the bone.

what is shin splints? what causes shin splints

What are the symptoms of Shin Splints?

  • Shin splints usually affects both legs, resulting in pain felt anywhere along the shin from the knee to the ankle.
  • Tenderness when you press on your shinbone
  • Sometimes there can be redness or inflammation of the overlying skin
  • The pain tends to be triggered as soon as exercise begins

What causes Shin Splints?

  • It is though to be a stress reaction, with inflammation occurring where the muscles and tendons pull on the shinbone
  • The “shinbone” is actually formed by two bones- the tibia and fibula. The muscles attached to these bones move your ankle and foot and are thus very active when you run.
What conditions can be assessed by our doctors?

Who gets Shin Splints?

As mentioned above it can be triggered by a lot of running or over-vigorous training in sports that involve a lot of running. It’s also more common in the following groups:

  • Women
  • People who are overweight/obese
  • People whose feet “over-pronate”- this may be due to flat feet or “collapsed arches”, also known as pes planus.
  • Running on uneven or hard surfaces
  • Wearing poor unsupportive footwear while running or training.

How do you get rid of Shin Splints?

  • It’s important not to “run through the pain” if you have shin splints.
  • Treatment for shin splints usually involves rest to allow the inflammation to settle- this may take weeks or months
  • Ice-packs and anti-inflammatories may give some relief
  • A good physiotherapy program may help with recovery and instruct you with regards to correct running technique
  • Low impact sports such as swimming can allow you to stay active as you get better
  • If there are foot problems, a podiatrist opinion may be very useful, with attention to proper footwear and arch support.

What else could it be?

Other causes of shin pain include

  • Tibial Stress Fracture
  • Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome (CECS)

If you are suffering from chronic shin pain, speak to your doctor as it’s important to ensure the diagnosis is correct and that you get the proper treatment.

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Is smoking “one a day” ok? https://www.qoctor.com.au/quit-smoking/ Mon, 05 Feb 2018 11:36:48 +0000 https://www.qoctor.com.au/?p=19749 The harms of "light smoking" Does cutting down on smoking make much difference to your health? “Yeah, I still smoke, but I’ve cut right back, I’m down to one or two a day” These are words doctors often hear when they ask people about their smoking habits. While it may mean things are [...]

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The harms of “light smoking”

Does cutting down on smoking make much difference to your health?

“Yeah, I still smoke, but I’ve cut right back, I’m down to one or two a day”

These are words doctors often hear when they ask people about their smoking habits. While it may mean things are moving in the right direction, how much of an impact does cutting down (rather than quitting) actually make to your risk of having a heart attack or stroke? Does reducing to one cigarette a day mean a 20 times lower risk of heart attack compared to a smoker of 20 a day? Unfortunately, some new research suggests that it doesn’t work this way.

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New research on smoking

A study published in the British Medical Journal (BMJ) shows that men who smoke 20 cigarettes a day have twice the risk of heart disease and stroke compared to non smokers, but men who smoke one cigarette a day still have a 46 % increase in risk of heart disease and stroke compared to non-smokers.  For women, the numbers are worse- those who smoke 20 cigarettes a day have 2.8 times the risk of heart disease and stroke compared to non smokers, but women who smoke one cigarette a day still have a 57 % increase in risk of heart disease and stroke compared to non-smokers. Basically, for men and women, your risk of a heart attack or stroke is still substantially increased if you smoke at all, and the stats are worse for female smokers.

Are there ANY  benefits to cutting down?

Of course, there are still some benefits to cutting down, which are unrelated to heart disease and stroke—such as the risk of lung cancer and other forms of cancer, so any reduction is good news. But the above research may be a wake-up call for people who thought that smoking one cigarette a day was almost as good as not smoking at all!

How long does it take for your health to recover from smoking?

If you quit smoking at any age there are immediate benefits:

  • After a few days your sense of smell and taste will improve.
  • After one month, any increase in blood pressure caused by your smoking will be reversed.
  • 12 months after you quit smoking your increased risk of dying from heart disease will be half that of a smoker.
  • After 10 years of quitting, your risk of lung cancer will be less than half that of a smoker- and the risk of lung cancer will continue to fall year by year.
  • 15 years after you quit smoking, your risk of a heart attack or stroke is nearly the same as that of someone who has never been a smoker.
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Need help to quit smoking?

If you would like to quit smoking but have had difficulty succeeding by yourself, why not speak to a doctor about medications and services that may help? Or check out http://www.quitnow.gov.au/ for further information and support.

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Heat Stroke- what is it and why is it so serious? https://www.qoctor.com.au/heat-stroke/ Tue, 30 Jan 2018 12:00:53 +0000 https://www.qoctor.com.au/?p=18926 Heat Stroke- what is it and why is it so serious? symptoms cause treatment prevention What is heat stroke? Heat stroke is when the core temperature of the body rises above 40C due to prolonged heat exposure or too much physical exertion in a hot environment. It is [...]

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Heat Stroke- what is it and why is it so serious?

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cause
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What is heat stroke?

Heat stroke is when the core temperature of the body rises above 40C due to prolonged heat exposure or too much physical exertion in a hot environment. It is a serious condition- the natural chemical processes of the body stop working, which starts to cause damage to the brain, kidneys, liver, muscles and heart. Heat stroke is a medical emergency and requires urgent treatment.

heat stroke

What are the symptoms of heat stroke?

  • Core body temperature above 40 C (104F)
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Headache
  • Rapid breathing and raised heart rate
  • Confusion, slurred speech, irritability and odd behaviour can happen, due to changes in brain function. This can proceed to seizures and loss of consciousness if untreated.
  • The skin may feel hot and dry to the touch, and may appear flushed (however, in heatstroke brought on by strenuous exercise, the skin may be moist)
  • In small children heat stroke may cause poor feeding, irritability and lethargy. There may also be signs of dehydration such as reduced urine output, dry nappies, reduced tears when crying, and a more prominent dip in a baby’s fontanelle (soft spot on their head).
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What causes heat stroke?

Heat stroke usually happens when a person is exposed to a hot environment for too long or over-exerts themselves in a hot environment. The time it takes for heat stroke to develop depends on how hot the environment is, and for how long the exposure lasts. The body’s natural methods of cooling (such as sweating) cannot cope with continuous extremes in heat and humidity.

Heat stroke can happen more easily in children, the elderly, or in people who have medical conditions that affect their ability to regulate their own body temperature effectively. In summer, one of the most common causes is when a child is accidentally locked in a car on a sunny day.

Is heat stroke the same as a fever?

No. Fever is a natural response to infection or inflammation. The body’s own “thermostat” gets set higher as this may help to fight infection. However, with a fever, body temperature does not continue to increase once the new set point is reached. A fever can cause discomfort, and sometimes seizures in children, but it will not lead to organ failure or brain damage.

In heat stroke, the body temperature rises due to a hot environment, and can continue to increase dangerously, as the body cannot cool itself down quickly enough.

What is the treatment for heat stroke?

If you think someone is suffering from heat stroke, you should call an ambulance – they need emergency medical attention.

Before medical help is reached, get the person out of the hot environment (into the shade or indoors, ideally with air-conditioning). If possible, remove excess clothing and start to cool them down with water- e.g by immersion in a cold bath, a shower, by applying wet towels to the body or spraying with a garden hose. Cool packs may be applied to the armpits, groins and back of the neck. Encourage them to drink water or Hydrolyte, as dehydration is usually present. Medications such as Paracetamol or anti-inflammatories are not advised.

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How do I keep my child safe from heat stroke?

Babies, children (and the elderly) are more at risk of heat stroke, so extra care should be taken in hot weather.

  • Small babies should be breast or bottle fed more frequently in warm weather
  • Older kids should be given extra water through the day. Babies above the age of 6 months can have their breast-feeding or formula supplemented with cooled boiled water with or between usual feeds.
  • Clothing should be suitable- light and loose.
  • On extreme heat days, it may be best to stay cool indoors.
  • Air needs to circulate around carseats, prams and strollers- they should not be covered with blankets
  • And never, ever leave a small child in a car on a hot day, not even for a minute. The temperature inside a parked car can be 30-40°C hotter than outside, and most of this increase in temperature happens within 5 minutes of closing the car (even if the windows are left open)

If you have concerns about  the risk of heat stroke, speak to your doctor.

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Sunburn- what is the best treatment? https://www.qoctor.com.au/sunburn-best-treatment/ Tue, 16 Jan 2018 12:12:05 +0000 https://www.qoctor.com.au/?p=18647 Sunburn- what's the best treatment? treatment complications prevention We all know we should be sun-smart and steer clear of sunburn at all costs- but now and then it happens accidentally, due to a quick snooze in the sun or a long afternoon on the beach. So, if the damage [...]

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Sunburn- what’s the best treatment?

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complications
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We all know we should be sun-smart and steer clear of sunburn at all costs- but now and then it happens accidentally, due to a quick snooze in the sun or a long afternoon on the beach. So, if the damage has been done, what is the best treatment?

What is the best treatment for sunburn?

  • Anti-inflammatories may reduce inflammation and discomfort, especially if given early, though they do not heal the sunburn faster. Other painkillers such as Paracetamol may also help.
  • Soaks with cold water may also reduce pain. Cold running water may give more relief than a soak or compress.

sunburn

  • Further sun exposure should be avoided as the burn heals.
  • Topical treatment with aloe vera is popular- whilst some people find it soothes the pain, there is little scientific proof that it speeds recovery time.
  • Dehydration may accompany bad sunburn, so plenty of fluids are encouraged.
  • Whilst it may be tempting to try a topical anaesthetic cream or gel, these can be irritating, and should be avoided.
  • There is no evidence for using topical or oral steroids, and they may actually increase the risk of infection in the burn.
  • If the sunburn looks bad or involves quite a lot of skin, the best advice is to attend your local doctor (or emergency department if it appears particularly severe or widespread). Ongoing dressings may be recommended once or twice a day to soak up any weeping or discharge, to assist with healing, and to prevent infection.

 

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What about dehydration?

If a person gets sunburn, quite often they will also experience dehydration. Oral rehydration with water or oral rehydration salts may be enough. But if the sunburn is severe, or if a person feels weak, dizzy or unwell, they may be more seriously dehydrated- intravenous fluids may be needed through a drip, so a doctor should be consulted as soon as possible.

When is sunburn serious? When is admission to hospital needed?

  • Sunburn needs to be assessed just like any other type of burn- and like any burn it should be taken particularly seriously in children. If you’re not sure, or if the burns seem widespread, deep or severe, ask your doctor.
  • Admission to hospital or a burns unit is needed if there are second degree burns involving more than 25% of the body surface in an adult under the age of 50, or more than 20% of the body surface in children under 10 years/ adults over 50 years.
  • A second degree burn is when the epidermis (uppermost layer of skin) and part of the dermis (second layer of skin) are damaged. A second degree burn will tend to be red, blistered, swollen, weeping and painful.
  • If the pain is very bad, or if there is dehydration, infection, heatstroke or general unwellness, admission to hospital may also be advised.
  • Heatstroke tends to cause fever, headaches and vomiting. Burns may get infected after a day or two- high temperatures, chills, and/or pus-like discharge from the damaged skin are signs of infection. In both these cases, urgent medical attention is needed.

How do you prevent sunburn?

  • Sunburn and excess sun exposure increase the long term risk of skin cancer.
  • When possible, keep skin covered on sunny days with light loose clothing, and wear a broad-brimmed hat.
  • Use water-resistant sunscreen- SPF 30 or higher. It needs to be applied 20 minutes before sun exposure, and reapplied every 2 hours.
  • Remember, sunscreen is not enough on its own- it’s still important to wear suitable clothing and a hat, and to seek shade where available.
  • Wrap-around sunglasses with high UV protection are also recommended.
  • Babies under a year old should not be exposed to UV levels higher than 3.
  • Widespread application of sunscreen is not recommended in babies younger than 6 months- instead, the focus should be on correct clothing and seeking shade, with sunscreen used on small areas only. A patch test on a small area of the skin should be done before using it elsewhere on the body.

 

If you have further concerns about sunburn, speak to your GP or pharmacist.

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Low Vitamin B12- symptoms,causes & treatment https://www.qoctor.com.au/vitamin-b12-deficiency/ Thu, 23 Nov 2017 23:17:44 +0000 https://www.qoctor.com.au/?p=15916 Vitamin B12 deficiency- causes, symptoms & treatment of low B12 introduction causes symptoms tests & treatment What are B vitamins? Are you getting enough Vitamin B12? Vitamins are substances that occur naturally in food, and are needed for many essential body functions. There are 13 vitamins required by [...]

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Vitamin B12 deficiency- causes, symptoms & treatment of low B12

introduction
causes
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What are B vitamins? Are you getting enough Vitamin B12?

Vitamins are substances that occur naturally in food, and are needed for many essential body functions. There are 13 vitamins required by our body- and 8 of these are types of Vitamin B. The B Vitamins have a wide variety of important roles in the body, particularly in relation to growth, repair and energy production. Whilst most healthy people who eat a broad and balanced diet will get enough B vitamins from their food, you can become deficient (low) in these vitamins for a variety of reasons.

You can develop low B12 if there is not enough of it in your diet, if you’re unable to absorb the vitamin properly, or if your body is using it up more quickly than usual (e.g. in pregnancy).

Vitamin B12

What does Vitamin B12 do?

Vitamin B12 (also known as Cobalamin) is important in the production of myelin- a protein which coats your nerves, and forms an “insulating layer”, allowing messages to travel efficiently from your brain and spinal cord to other parts of your body. Vitamin B12 also has vital roles in brain function, making blood cells, DNA production and energy production in your body

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How much Vitamin B12 do you need?

The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of Vitamin B12 is 2.4 mcg/day, though slightly more is needed by women who are pregnant (2.6mcg) or breastfeeding (2.8mcg). Dosages for babies and children are as follows:

  • Infants up to 6 months: 0.4 mcg per day
  • Babies from 7-12 months: 0.5 mcg per day
  • Children from 1-3 years: 0.9 mcg per day
  • Children from 4-8 years: 1.2 mcg per day
  • Children from 9-13 years: 1.8 mcg per day

What are good sources of B12?

  • You can get B12 in meat, milk, eggs, cheese, yeast extracts and fortified breakfast cereals
  • B12 is the only vitamin not found in vegetables
  • You can also get B12 supplements in tablet form in pharmacies, although people with low B12 who have problems absorbing the vitamin may need to see a doctor to discuss B12 injections instead.

What causes low Vitamin B12?

It’s not always clear why some people get low B12.  It is seen more commonly in older people. If you have one of the following issues, it may be causing your low B12:

  • Low B12 intake in your diet- e.g due to a vegetarian or vegan diet
  • Pernicious Anaemia- an autoimmune condition which results in poor absorption of Vitamin B12 by the stomach
  • A side effect of the contraceptive pill
  • Other medications you take, such as certain diabetes medicine, and certain antacids.
  • Chronic Alcoholism
  • Pancreatic failure
  • Pregnancy ( as the body is using up more Vitamin B12 than usual)
  • Babies born to mums who have low B12 or who are vegan
  • Coeliac disease
  • A history of surgery on the stomach or small bowel
  • Inflammatory bowel disease (such as Crohn’s disease)
  • Blind loop syndrome or small bowel bacterial overgrowth
  • Infection with fish tapeworm (more common in countries where raw fish is widely eaten)

 What are the symptoms of low B12 ?

Mild B12 deficiency may cause you no obvious health issues, but as it gets worse, you may develop problems such as anaemia and nerve damage. Symptoms of low B12 can include:

  • Tiredness- this is one of the most common symptoms
  • Pale appearance, palpitations,  and shortness of breath (if anaemia is present)
  • A smooth tongue
  • Constipation, diarrhoea and reduced appetite
  • Low mood, reduced concentration and memory problems
  • Nerve damage- this can lead to weaknesss, tingling and numbness
B12 deficiency- picture of foods high in B12
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How is Vitamin B12 deficiency diagnosed?

Your doctor can check your Vitamin B12 levels by requesting a blood test. A full blood count (FBC) may be done, as anaemia is a complication of low B12. Folate levels tend to be assessed with B12, as folate and B12 have closely related roles in your body. If  you have low B12, a blood test to check your autoimmune antibodies may be recommended, to check for Pernicious Anaemia. You may also be advised to have a blood test for coeliac disease.

What is the treatment for low B12?

  • Obviously, if you have any underlying causes such as medications, dietary issues or bowel problems, these should be identified and treated.
  • Quite often a course of B12 injections will be prescribed by your doctor, as this will restore levels to normal quickly- this method will work even if you are unable to absorb B12 properly, as it bypasses your stomach and gut.
  • If your Vitamin B12 deficiency is mild, oral treatment may be tried, with Vitamin B12 tablets (though this method may not work if your stomach and gut are not absorbing it properly).
  • It may also help to obtain more B12 in your diet by sourcing foods high in B12- e.g. meat, milk, eggs, cheese, yeast extracts and fortified breakfast cereals.
  • It’s important to discuss follow-up with your doctor- you may need to have your levels rechecked after treatment to ensure they do not drop again.

For more information on Vitamin B12 deficiency or the symptoms of low B12 speak to your doctor.

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What causes tiredness and when should you see a doctor? https://www.qoctor.com.au/tiredness-causes/ Mon, 06 Nov 2017 06:33:11 +0000 https://www.qoctor.com.au/?p=14942 What causes tiredness and when should you see a doctor? We can all feel tired from time to time, but when tiredness hangs around for weeks or months it can start to make people worry there’s something wrong, and they’ll often come to the doctor for a check up. The good news is [...]

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What causes tiredness and when should you see a doctor?

We can all feel tired from time to time, but when tiredness hangs around for weeks or months it can start to make people worry there’s something wrong, and they’ll often come to the doctor for a check up.

The good news is that it’s rarely a sign of anything serious- though sometimes it can take a while to figure out what’s causing it, as there are many aspects of physical and mental health that need to be considered.

Here are 10 common causes of tiredness that doctors will usually consider. Some may seem obvious, but often the simple things, such as a good night’s sleep, have been overlooked!

Sleep

Very often a patient will come to the doctor saying, “I’m tired and I don’t know why”, but when asked about the quality of their sleep they’ll immediately admit they are not getting enough, or that it’s broken and irregular. There may be an obvious disruption to sleep, such as working night shifts or parenting a baby who wakes a lot. Sometimes, the sleeping environment itself needs attention- in terms of light, noise or temperature. Others will admit they are not “switching off” properly for one reason or another- this might relate to stress, using screens, caffeine or smoking late into the evening.

There are also some medical conditions that can affect sleep. Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) and depression can cause insomnia and Obstructive Sleep Apnoea can significantly reduce sleep quality, often leading to tiredness by day. Too much sleep can also be a bad thing- if an adult regularly sleeps for more than 11 hours a night it can actually cause a vicious circle of increased tiredness!

The ideal amount of sleep varies from person to person, so it’s not necessarily about hitting a certain number of hours- it’s more about sleeping enough to function well, feel rested and refreshed. If sleep is a problem or you have insomnia, it’s worth speaking to your GP, as there are many factors which need to be explored.

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thyroid

Physical Exercise

Many of us do not get enough physical activity throughout a normal working day, particularly if deskbound. It may be hard to find the time, but even a 30-minute work-out or brisk walk in the morning or at lunchtime can make a difference to energy levels. And on days off or weekends, it’s worth trying to do a little more.

Diet

Again, this is an obvious one- but if you’re not eating healthy, balanced meals each day, or are reaching too often for quick fixes like sugar, caffeine and soft drinks, it’s likely you are not giving your body the fuel it needs, and tiredness may occur. If you’re struggling with this, a session with a dietitian may help with meal and snack planning to fit your daily routine.

Alcohol and drugs

If you drink a lot of alcohol or take recreational drugs, it can have major impact on your energy levels- cutting out these culprits will often make a massive difference. If you have difficulty cutting back, you should speak to your doctor or a counsellor.

Medication

Tiredness can also be a side effect of medications- such as antihistamines (even supposedly “non-drowsy” ones), antidepressants, blood pressure tablets and others- so, check with your doctor if you’re not sure.

Iron Deficiency Anaemia

Anaemia is when your Haemoglobin is low. Haemoglobin is an oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells- if Haemoglobin levels are low, all systems of the body can be affected- and tiredness is a common symptom. Haemoglobin is made up of iron- so if you don’t get enough iron, or if you are losing blood for some reason, anaemia can happen. There are many causes for iron deficiency anaemia, but some are much more common than others. In women, heavy periods are often to blame. Other causes include lack of iron in the diet (particularly in vegetarians and vegans) or blood loss through the gut (coeliac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, bowel cancer). Iron deficiency anaemia is confirmed by a full blood count and iron studies. By taking a thorough history, examination and further tests, your doctor will usually be able to figure out the underlying cause.

 

Hypothyroidism

The thyroid gland is located in the front of your neck. It produces thyroid hormone, which regulates growth and how your body spends energy. When it is underactive (hypothyroidism), people often complain of tiredness. Some will also notice other symptoms, like feeling cold all the time, low mood, hair loss, weight gain and reduced sex drive. Women may experience changes in their menstrual cycle. It’s diagnosed via a blood test, known as a “thyroid function test” or TFT.

Stress, Anxiety and Depression

If you have ongoing stress due to work, financial concerns, personal issues, or a combination of these, it can lead you to be in a constant state of “overdrive”, which can lead to fatigue.

Similarly, anxiety disorders, can cause people to frequently be in “fight or flight” mode, which can be exhausting over time.

Tiredness is also a well-known symptom of Depression. Other symptoms include an inability to enjoy oneself or feel happy, poor concentration and motivation, low self-esteem and changes in appetite and sleeping patterns.

If any of these issues sound familiar, you should speak to a GP as there are positive steps you can take to improve your mental health.

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Viral illness

Any viral illness can cause tiredness. However, in most cases this just lasts for a few days, until the virus is cleared from your body. However, some viruses can lead to tiredness for weeks or months. Your GP may check you for the viruses that cause Glandular Fever (EBV and CMV), particularly if you’ve recently had a sore throat or a rash. Ross River Fever is another potential culprit- it can lead to several weeks of bad fatigue. With most viral illnesses, there is no specific treatment- the body will recover over time.

Other systemic illness

Many other conditions can lead to tiredness- including low Vitamin B12, heart disease, diabetes, kidney disease and autoimmune illnesses. However, in most cases, there will be other signs and symptoms that will help your doctor make the diagnosis.

When should I see a doctor with my tiredness?

  • If you have other symptoms with it- such as fever, breathlessness, chest pain, dizziness, weight loss or a skin rash.
  • If it continues for more than a week or two, and there’s no obvious cause
  • If you think you have depression or anxiety
  • If you’ve already seen a doctor about it, but the tiredness does not improve or gets worse, you should go back for a reassessment.
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